environmental impacts of tourism on the gold coast

in 2010/2011 (DRET, 2012). URL: . The answer to many of these problems boils down to careful tourism planning and management and the adoption of sustainable tourism principles. It can put enormous pressure on an area and lead to impacts such as: soil erosion, increased pollution, discharges into the sea, natural habitat loss, increased pressure on endangered species and heightened vulnerability to forest fires. The most significant of these was yet another cruise ship terminal proposal in mid-2012; this time emanating from the City of Gold Coast Council Mayor, Tom Tate (Figure 6). Mayor Tate, backed by the newly elected Newman Liberal National Party State Government put out a call for expressions of interest to develop a range of tourist infrastructure including a casino, hotels and cruise ship terminal on the Spit (See SOSA, a). Environmental impacts - Introduction to tourism! (1983). The tourism industry generally overuses water resources for hotels, swimming pools, golf courses and personal use of water by tourists. Tourism is a . Some destinations have taken this further and put restrictions in place for the number of tourists that can visit at one time. Tourists using the same trail over and over again trample the vegetation and soil, eventually causing damage that can lead to loss of biodiversity and other impacts. Hay, I. Creating a greener home is easier than you think. Written by Professor Susanne Becken, and Dr Sarah Gardiner, Griffith Institute for Tourism. Tenefrancia, R. (2016). Sense of Place and Urbanity: Challenges and Interventions at the Gold Coast, Proceedings from the 4th Making the Cities Liveable Conference, 27-29 July, Noosa. Whilst the tourism industry itself has a number of negative environmental impacts. Anyway, air pollution from tourist transportation has impacts on a global level, especially from CO2 emissions related to transportation energy use. Wear, R. (2002). Whilst inconvenient for tourists who had planned to travel here, this is a positive example of tourism environmental management and we are beginning to see more examples such as this around the world. Council accused of mass sell-off, News, Wednesday 09 October, pp7. As a result, wastewater has polluted seas and lakes surrounding tourist attractions around the world. There is also the continual risk of pollution from hard rubbish and stormwater that can have significant effects on water quality and wildlife. The Waterways Authority were frequently involved in controversy over commercial development rights on public land in the city (Condon, 2006). About 77% of all ship waste comes from cruise vessels. , 9-11 February, Massey University, Wellington. The Economic Outlook report is designed to provide a brief, non-technical overview of the Gold Coast's economic performance including post-COVID recovery and growth compared to the state and national level economies. The supposition being that the advice from the Board would be in favour of development. The feeling of attachment that is produced from knowing a place comes from living that place. 18Notwithstanding, the Gold Coast City Councils planning regulations, nor the lengths to which previous National Party Government officials had defended the Spit against development, nor the fact that the Government had specifically set up the Gold Coast Harbours Authority as a local approach to the management of the Broadwater and Spit environs, on 15 September 2005 the Queensland Labor Government announced its intention of developing an international cruise ship terminal and related services on this valued and valuable piece of public open space. 19To provide effective opposition to the state government and its plans for the Southport Spit a consortium of community groups joined to form the Save Our Spit Alliance (SOSA). Discover tips and programs that can help you live more sustainably. The Board was set up to advise the Premier and the Coordinator General to undertake tasks as required by the Government. If you really want to help save the environment, the answer is to seek alternative methods of transportation and avoid flying. and Stedman, R.C. Cheng, A.S., L.E. In order to bypass local Government planning restrictions (and we argue the views and input of local communities) the State sought absolute control over the planning and development processes by declaring the project a Significant Development. One thing that did emerge from the 1998 Gold Coast Harbour Study was that the Gold Coast City Council agreed that no development (private or commercial) would occur on the remnant of public land at the northern end of the Southport Spit and that the open space character of the area would be retained and enhanced (Gold Coast City Council, 2003). Carter, J., P. Dyer and B. Sharma (2007). There was little or no planning legislation in place to protect the coastline. Karine Dupre and Caryl Bosman, Development Versus Coastal Protection: The Gold Coast Case Study (Australia),tudes caribennes [Online], 36|Avril 2017, Online since 15 April 2017, connection on 01 May 2023. The good, bad and ugly sides to a holiday on Australia's Gold Coast | South China Morning Post Sandy beaches, theme parks, shopping malls, golf courses - the city has it all. Community Engagement: Practical strategies for empowerment or wishful narrative?, URL: . It may also contribute to changes in behaviour. Cartier, C. and Lew, A. Unfortunately, tourism often contributes to the degradation of said resources. PDF Tourism impact on coastal environment - WIT Press This then has a wider impact on the global marine life and ecosystem, as many animals rely on the coral for as their habitat and food source. During this time the old players were the Aboriginal groups in the area, collectively known as the Yugambeh people, whose place values revolved around the land being sacred, rather than a resource to be exploited. Wave action determines the shape and state of our beaches and coast. This transformation, combined with an extraordinary increase in population (8,400 inhabitants in 1947; almost 70,000 in 1991 and over 555,000 in 2017, ABS, 2017) resulted in urban densification of the coastline, which became the hub for a range of services, tourist attractions and housing. A celebration of nature. Tourism and Environment | Annual Review of Environment and Resources This corresponds to the activities of surfing, diving, fishing and dog walking; the four primary everyday activities that take place on the Spit. Jenningss last fight to save the Spit was instigated in 1979 when the Queensland National/Liberal State Government, under the Premiership of Sir Jon Bjelke-Petersen (see Wear, 2002; Whitton, 1989), established the Gold Coast Waterways Authority to address tidal inundation and the impacts of storm surges in the Broadwater and the erosion of the Spit. The beach is a large part of the Gold Coast way of life and is instrumental in shaping our city's culture and economy. This lifestyle and identity have been produced from and are synonymous with place features and characteristics of the Spit: undeveloped, natural beachside, free open and accessible public space. Cependant, du point de vue national, comme, historiquement, il ny a eu quune faible jurdiction concernant lamnagement et la protection des zones maritimes et du littoral, de nombreux conflits sociaux et environmentaux ont vu le jour. Proceedings of UHPH 14 Landscapes and ecologies of urban history and planning: Passion, Power & Prejudice: A Remarkable Untold Account of a Magic City in the Making Gold Coast. This was despite the existing framework that was established under the National Cooperative Approach to Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and the Australias Oceans Policy. This energetic and dedicated group organised a number of rallies and delegations and petitions over the next two years (Figure 5) and maintained (and continue to maintain) an evocative and resourceful web site. The tourism industry also contributes to forms of architectural/visual pollution. These new players, not surprisingly, reinforce the cycle of development conflict on the Gold Coast. Qualitative Research Methods In Human Geography, The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History. In effect the State Government created its own proponent for the project, a proponent that was also to advise the Government. (2005). ), opposed by the steady resistance of the old players (save our Spit!). Yachting : Tourism Development vs Coastal Protection? Visitor Attitudes Toward Tourism Development and Product Integration in an Australian Urban-Rural Fringe, Journal of Travel Research, 42: 286-296. While many other coastal cities relied on port facilities to develop commercial and naval activities, the City of Gold Coast emerged and grew as a tourism destination. Patrimoines naturels, socio-conomiques et culturels des territoires insulaires : quel avenir ? La plaisance : dveloppement touristique vs protection du littoral? Dedekorkut-Howes, A. and C. Bosman (2015). Dedekorkut-Howes, A. and C. Bosman (2015). This paper goes some way to address this gap. Will we, one day, develop place-attachment for a cruise ship terminal or casino on the Spit? Hundloe, T., B. McDougall and C. Page (2015). Also, it boasts highly specialise economy that is dominated by the tourism industry. The Council of the City of Gold Coast also revealed that 20% of the city's total earnings come from the tourism industry. Values of Place: Measuring Attitudes of Community Leaders Toward Scenes from Rural Landscapes, Society & Natural Resources, 22(7): 665-673. Manage Settings However, tourisms relationship with the environment is complex and many activities can have adverse environmental effects if careful tourism planning and management is not undertaken. Current risks such as sea level rise, storm tide inundation and coastal erosion are compounded by the predicted impacts of climate change. Not too long ago the island of Borocay in the Philippines was closed to tourists to allow time for it to recover from the negative environmental impacts that had resulted from large-scale tourism in recent years. This provides an overall health score for each beach compartment. Essentially the place becomes vulnerable as local everyday activity nodes move elsewhere and tourists do not return. installing dune fencing and maintaining public access ways, running community dune planting and beach clean activities, using designated beach access ways and keeping off the dune vegetation, disposing of rubbish and green organics in the bins provided, reporting camping and vegetation vandalism as soon as possible. It was not until the late 1990s when some noticeable changes started to occur. Government regulation is . Condon, M. (2006). Coral reefs are especially fragile marine ecosystems. On the other hand, the new players, the European settlers, saw the region as one of plentiful resources, and good farming potential. Our dune systems absorb wave energy and act as a soft buffer from further erosion. Its population, which is currently at around 500,000, is growing at the rate of 16,000 per year. Taylor, J. No wonder more. Key markets include China, Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Europe, South East Asia, North America, and Gulf countries. The outcome of the community consultation process however produced instead a strong picture of peoples dissatisfactions (Whelan, 2006). Potts, R., A. Dedekorkut, & C. Bosman (2013). At last, the cycle of conflicts seems, currently, to have stalled with the repetitive impetus of new players (develop the Spit! (2008). Griffin, G. (2002). enhance the amenity and safety of the beach experience. 26In an effort to save the Spit from major development a second rally took place in November 2012 and studies indicated that the Spit environs have been identified as a key environmental asset worth more than $611 million for the city (Weston 2013). Much of the literature on the history of Aboriginal-European conflict in Australia is written with a Euro-centric perspective (Anderson, 1983; Best, 1994). Here, it is crucial to undertake further research into the costs and benefits of investing into new attractions, in particular when capital costs are large. The main positive economic impacts of sustainable (coastal) tourism are: contributions to government revenues, foreign exchange earnings, generation of employment and business opportunities. When it comes to increased regional profile, 77% agreed that Gold Coast tourism had helped in this aspect. Planning legislation in the City of Gold Coast has historically favoured development rather than environmental conservation and heritage preservation (Bosman et al., 2016). Sustainable Travel: Your Gold Coast Eco-Tourism Guide In particular, potential visitors from other Australian cities seek the opportunity for activities where they can connect with each other (especially family and couples who are the primary markets for the Gold Coast). This paper goes some way to address this gap. Best, Y. This can put significant pressure on the local resources and infrastructure, often resulting in the local people going without in order to feed the tourism industry. This includes some of the most popular establishments such as Chevron Renaissance, Circle on Cavill, Orchid Residences among others. Sparkling beaches and waterways are synonymous with our city. Our coast provides significant economic, social and environmental benefits, making coastal management a serious and important issue for us all. This declaration triggered State legislation that called for an Environmental Impact Study (EIS) which meant the Government had direct control over the way the EIS was developed, the criteria by which it was to be assessed and it enabled other legislation to be bypassed if necessary. Smith, Mrs (2006). Since then, coastal management in Australia has been undergoing a transformation that reflects broader governance shifts, as well as raising awareness about global issues such as climate change and pollution. , Chapter 6, URL: . In December 2020 a new public path was installed, weeds were removed and 1500 native ground layers were planted. Wed love to hear from you. Landscapes: The Social Construction of Nature and the Environment. The Berghof Handbook II, Opladen/ Framington Hills, Barbara Budrich Publishers. Weaver, D. and L. Lawton (2004). 4As the landscapes of the City of Gold Coast have been subject to continual reinvention, change and transformation (Wise & Breen, 2004; Wise, 2006; Griffin, 2006), patterns of conflict, change and continual re-adjustment have become ingrained in the lived experience of the city and its development. Southeast Queensland has already had its hottest September on record and early spring is rapidly turning into early summer. Dredge, D. (2011). Abstract. The Berghof Handbook II. (Hons.) The Gold Coast Transformed, From Wilderness to Urban Ecosystem, CSIRO. These new players, not surprisingly, reinforce the cycle of development conflict on the Gold Coast. Greider, T. and Garkovich, L. (1994). Bird often mistake floating plastic for fish and eat it. SOSA c. URL: . This article shows how the evolution and resolution of development conflicts on the citys protected coastal strip (the Spit) are symptomatic of the evolution of place values and how, this informs a shift towards better coastal protection. (2005). Yet as a coastal city characterised by extensive residential canal estates (400 kilometers of canals, ten times more than in Venice), there is limited scholarship investigating local coastal management activities within the dominating and overarching context of tourism development. ), Urban Spaces and Cityscapes: Perspectives from modern and contemporary culture. The Gold Coast enjoys almost 300 days of sunshine per year that most people, particularly those who are coming from countries with cold winters, really find comfortable. Yung, L., W.A. Cheng, A.S., L.E. This is a positive result for the City. Given the population figures of the City and the number of dog owners, these beaches are highly valued by the users thereof. Negative impacts from tourism occur when the level of visitor use is greater than the environment's ability to cope with this use within the acceptable limits of change. The conflict between new and old values, interests and land uses of the different players in this game have not abated, nor is resolution any closer. Longhurst, R. (1993). For tourist areas such as the City of Gold Coast, place is not simply a location it is a culmination of social processes along with tourist perceptions, or an intersection of various global flows, not just of money or capital, but of visitors (Urry, 1995). At Griffith Institute for Tourism our members take on world leading research in tourism. Belonging as a resource: the case of Ralphs Bay, Tasmania, and the local politics of place, Review of the Implementation of Oceans Policy. The Southport Spit is also an important place within the rapidly changing landscapes of the City of Gold Coast, since it is land that constitutes the last genuine ocean-side parcel of undeveloped real estate on the Gold Coast (Condon, 2006) and it has significant social and cultural meanings and attachments for many Gold Coast residents (see SOSA a; Condon, 2003; Lazarow and Tomlinson, 2009). There are also many national parks, game reserves and conservation areas around the world that help to promote positive environmental impacts of tourism. Visitor numbers to the Gold Coast are increasing but international tourists are staying shorter and are spending less. The sprawl includes tourism facilities themselves and supporting infrastructure such as roads, employee housing, parking, service areas, and waste disposal. There was little or no planning legislation in place to protect the coastline. Holidaying on the Gold Coast, In C. Bosman, A. Dedekorkut-Howes and A. Leach (eds. These old players include local communities and local organisations (SOSA and GECKO). Johannes Bjelke-Petersen: The Lord's Premier, St. Lucia, University of Queensland Press. Besides, largely because of the citys beach environment, a lot of literature has focused on coastal ecosystems and on the impact of human activity on both land and sea. Entrepreneuriat : Quelle voie pour le dveloppement d'Hati? There are also a number of physical impacts that arise from the development of the tourism industry.

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